英語構文・文法の土台 第7回: 前置詞・句動詞・コロケーション接続

中心イメージ

前置詞は、日本語の助詞と一対一で対応しない。

on, to, for, with などは、単語単体で覚えるより、動詞とセットで覚えるほうが実務で使いやすい。

前置詞	中心イメージ	実務例
on	接触・対象	work on the task
in	中・範囲	in production
at	点・場所・対象点	look at the logs
for	目的・利益・期間	for the release
to	到達先・相手	send it to the team
with	一緒・道具・相手	follow up with the customer
about	話題	talk about the issue

ニュアンス比較

work on / work for / work with

I'm working on the auth flow.
I work for a software company.
I work with the platform team.

work on は対象に取り組む。work for は会社や目的のために働く。work with は相手と一緒に働く。

look at / look into / look for

I'll look at the logs.
I'll look into the issue.
I'm looking for the root cause.

look at は見る。look into は調査する。look for は探す。

follow up on / follow up with

I'll follow up on this ticket tomorrow.
I'll follow up with the customer tomorrow.

follow up on は対象。follow up with は相手。

日本語トラップ

discuss about

NG: Let's discuss about the issue.
OK: Let's discuss the issue.
OK: Let's talk about the issue.

discuss は目的語を直接取る。about が必要なのは talk about。

explain me

NG: Could you explain me the issue?
OK: Could you explain the issue to me?
OK: Could you walk me through the issue?

explain は explain something to someone。ただし実務では walk me through ... も自然。

contact to

NG: I'll contact to the vendor.
OK: I'll contact the vendor.
OK: I'll reach out to the vendor.

contact は他動詞。reach out to は句動詞として to を取る。

実務例文

Chat

I'll look into the issue after lunch.
Could you send the latest file to the team?
I'll follow up with the customer by Friday.

PR review

This function depends on the request context.
Could you add a test for this edge case?
Let's focus on the validation path first.

Incident

The error only happens in production.
We're looking for the root cause.
I'll follow up on the action items tomorrow.

3秒練習

日本語	英語
昼食後にその問題を調査します	I’ll look into the issue after lunch.
顧客に金曜までにフォローします	I’ll follow up with the customer by Friday.
このエッジケースのテストを追加してもらえますか	Could you add a test for this edge case?
まずバリデーション経路に集中しましょう	Let’s focus on the validation path first.

参考資料

• Cambridge Dictionary: Prepositions
• Cambridge Dictionary: Phrasal verbs
• British Council LearnEnglish: Prepositions